🩺 Overview of GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease): GERD is a chronic condition characterized by stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus, leading to symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation.
🔍 Dx (Diagnosis)
- Sx (Symptoms): Heartburn, regurgitation, dysphagia.
- Tests: Endoscopy (EGD), pH monitoring.
💊 Tx (Treatment)
- Lifestyle Mods (Modifications):
- 🛏️ Elevate the head of bed. 🚫 Avoid trigger foods (🍫, 🍊, 🍅). 🍽️ Smaller meals. 🕒 Avoid eating 2-3 hrs before 🛌.
- Meds (Medications):
- Antacids: Quick relief (e.g., Tums).
- H2 blockers: Famotidine (Antodine) - blocks histamine.
- PPIs (Proton Pump Inhibitors): Omeprazole (Losec) - inhibits acid secretion.
- 🧑⚕️ When to Refer:
- Persistent symptoms despite Tx.
- Alarm symptoms (e.g., weight loss, bleeding).
- 📈 Follow-Up & Px (Prognosis): Regular follow-up for chronic management.
- Most patients respond to lifestyle changes and meds.
References
- Maret-Ouda J, Markar SR, Lagergren J. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Review. JAMA. 2020;324(24):2536-2547.
- Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, Greer KB, Yadlapati R, Spechler SJ. ACG Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117(1):27-56.
